Abantu abafanelekileyo baveze ukuba isicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu ye-12 yamandla ombane siya kugxila ekuguqulweni kwendlela yophuhliso lwamandla ombane, kwaye ubukhulu becala malunga nesakhiwo samandla, ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla kunye nohlengahlengiso lweendlela ezintathu.Ngo-2012, iTibet iya kuqhagamshelwa kwi-Intanethi, kwaye uthungelwano lombane luya kugubungela ilizwe lonke.Kwangaxeshanye, umlinganiselo wokuveliswa kombane wamalahle kunye nombane ofakiweyo uya kuncitshiswa malunga ne-6% ekupheleni kweSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu ye-12.Amandla acocekileyo aya kwandisa ngakumbi ubume bamandla.
Isabelo samalahle kumbane siya kuhla nge-6%
Ngokutsho kwabantu abachaphazelekayo be-China Telephone Union, ingcamango iyonke yesicwangciso "yimarike enkulu, injongo enkulu kunye nesicwangciso esikhulu", sigxininise kwimfuno yemarike kwinqanaba likazwelonke, ukulungiswa kombane, ukulungiswa kwegridi, isayensi kunye nobugcisa obutsha, uqoqosho lokucwangcisa nomgaqo-nkqubo wophuhliso lwamandla, njl.njl. Ukongeza, ugcino lwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kombane, indlela yokubeka amaxabiso ombane, isikali samandla omoya, imodeli yophuhliso lwamandla enyukliya kunye neminye imiba iyabandakanyeka.
Ngokunxulumene namandla ombane kwisicwangciso se-11 seminyaka emihlanu sigxile kubume bophuhliso lwamandla ombane, utyalo-mali kwishishini lamandla ombane kunye nenkxaso-mali, uphuhliso lwamandla ahlaziyekayo, kunye nohlaziyo lwamaxabiso ombane, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokugcinwa kobutyebi, ukonga amandla, kukonke. ibhalansi yothutho lwamalahle, ukuguqulwa kwamandla ombane wasemaphandleni kunye nophuhliso kwaye ngoko ke kwimiba esibhozo eyahlukileyo, isicwangciso se-12 seminyaka emihlanu siya kugxininisa ingqalelo ekutshintsheni indlela yophuhliso lwamandla ombane, Kwaye ubukhulu becala malunga nesakhiwo samandla, ukwakhiwa kwegridi yamandla kunye namandla. lungisa iindlela ezintathu.
Ngokwe-State Grid Energy Research Institute, ukusetyenziswa kombane kuluntu lonke kuya kuqhubeka ukunyuka ngexesha le-12 leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu, kodwa izinga lokukhula lonyaka lingaphantsi kunelo le-11 leminyaka yesicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu.Ngo-2015, ukusetyenziswa kombane kuluntu lonke kuya kufikelela kwi-5.42 yetriliyoni ukuya kwi-6.32 yetriliyoni ye-KWH, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka le-6% -8.8%.Ngo-2020, Ukusetyenziswa kombane kukonke kufikelele kwi-6.61 yetriliyoni ukuya kwi-8.51 yetriliyoni yeekhilowatt-iiyure, nomndilili wokukhula wonyaka we-4% -6.1%.
“Izinga lokukhula kokusetyenziswa kombane lilonke liyacotha kodwa isixa sisonke siseza kunyuka, ngoko ke kufuneka siphucule ubume bobonelelo lombane ukuze sifunxe ukusetyenziswa kwamalahle kwicala lokuvelisa, kungenjalo asinako ukufikelela kwithagethi ye-15% engeyiyo ifosili. amandla kunye ne-40% ukuya kwi-45% yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa ngo-2015."Umhlalutyi wamandla uLu Yang uvakalise kwintatheli yethu.
Nangona kunjalo, iintatheli ezivela kucwangciso lwengxelo yophando malunga nokubona, ixesha "leshumi elinesibini leminyaka emihlanu" yesakhiwo samandla saseTshayina sinikwa phambili ngamandla obushushu obuswa ngamalahle, efuna ukulungiswa komthombo wamandla ngokunyusa amanzi kunye nombane, amandla enyukliya. kunye namanzi amandla ahlaziyekayo kunye namanye amandla acocekileyo kunye nomthamo wokuvelisa umbane, kunye nokunciphisa umyinge wamalahle ukufezekisa ukugqitywa.
Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso, umlinganiselo wamandla acocekileyo afakiweyo uya kunyuka ukusuka kwi-24 ekhulwini kwi-2009 ukuya kwi-30,9 yeepesenti ngo-2015 kunye ne-34,9 ekhulwini ngo-2020, kunye nomlinganiselo wokuvelisa umbane uya kunyuka ukusuka kwi-18,8 ekhulwini ngo-2009 ukuya kwi-23,7 ekhulwini ngo-2015 kunye ne-27,6 ipesenti ngo-2020.
Kwangaxeshanye, umlinganiselo wamandla amalahle afakiweyo kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla kuya kuncitshiswa malunga ne-6%.Oku kuhambelana nesindululo soLawulo lwezaMandla sokuba isabelo samalahle kusetyenziso lwamandla olusisiseko kwisithuba seSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu se-12 siya kuhla siye malunga neepesenti ezingama-63 ukusuka ngaphezulu kwama-70 epesenti ngowama-2009.
Ngokwesicwangciso esinxulumene noLawulo lwaMandla kaZwelonke, ngexesha "leshumi elinesibini leminyaka emihlanu" ukuya kummandla osempuma ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwamalahle, ulwandle lwe-bohai, i-delta yomlambo yaseYangtze, i-pearl river delta, kunye neendawo ezisemantla-mpuma, ulawulo olungqongqo lwe amalahle, ukwakhiwa kwamalahle kuphela kuthathela ingqalelo ukuxhasa ukwakhiwa kwamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziko lombane lamalahle elivela kumazwe angaphandle, ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokuvelisa amandla empuma kuya kunika ingqwalaselo ephambili ngamandla enyukliya kunye neziko lamandla egesi.
Ukwakhiwa kwegridi yombane: qonda uthungelwano lwesizwe
Ngokoqikelelo lweziko loPhando lweState Grid Energy Research Institute, owona mthwalo mkhulu woluntu lonke uya kufikelela kwi-990 yezigidi zekW ngowama-2015, nomndilili wokukhula ngonyaka we-8.5% kwisithuba se-12 seSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu.Ubukhulu bezinga lokukhula komthwalo likhawuleza kunezinga lokukhula lokusetyenziswa kombane, kwaye umahluko ophakathi kwentlambo yombane uya kuqhubeka ukwanda.Phakathi kwabo, inxalenye esempuma iseziko lomthwalo welizwe.Ngo-2015, i-Beijing, i-Tianjin, i-Hebei kunye ne-Shandong, amaphondo amane ase-Middle East yase-China kunye ne-East China iya kuba ne-55.32% yokusetyenziswa kombane welizwe.
Ukunyuka komthwalo kubeka phambili iimfuno zokusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokuzinza kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lwencopho.Intatheli inokubona kwingxelo ekhethekileyo yocwangciso, ngokujonga ukonyuka komthwalo wombane, ixesha le-12 leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu liya kuba ngokukhawulezisa ulwakhiwo lothungelwano lwegridi, iphondo elinqamlezayo kunye nothungelwano lombane lwezithili kunye nokuphucula indlela yombane. isikali esifakiweyo sogcino olumpompelweyo.
U-Shu Yinbiao, usekela-mphathi jikelele we-State Grid, uthe kutshanje ukuba ngexesha le-12 yeSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu, i-State Grid iya kuphumeza isicwangciso "segunya elilodwa elikhethekileyo, amaziko amane amakhulu" ukwakha igridi eyomeleleyo.“Amandla awodwa akhethekileyo” athetha uphuhliso lwe-UHV, kwaye “isine esikhulu” sithetha uphuhliso olunzulu lwamandla amakhulu amalahle, amandla amakhulu ombane wamanzi, amandla amakhulu enyukliya namandla amakhulu ahlaziyekayo kunye nokusasazwa ngokufanelekileyo kombane ngophuhliso lwe-UHV.
Ngokukodwa, kufuneka siphuhlise itekhnoloji yokuhambisa i-UHV AC, itekhnoloji yokugcina umoya kunye nokuhanjiswa kwetekhnoloji, itekhnoloji yegridi ehlakaniphile, itekhnoloji yokuhambisa i-DC eguquguqukayo, itekhnoloji yokuhambisa i-UHV DC, itekhnoloji yogcino lwamandla amakhulu, itekhnoloji entsha yokulawula igridi yamandla, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kunye ne-micro. itekhnoloji yegridi, njl.Utshilo uShu YinBiao.
Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yokungakhethi kunye nokuphazamiseka kwamandla omoya kunye nemveliso yokuvelisa amandla elanga, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kokulawulwa kwencopho yamandla, ngexesha le-12 leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu, umthamo wokufunxa wamandla omoya kunye namandla ombane wokufotowa uya kuphuculwa. ngokunyusa umlinganiselo webhali wothumelo oludityanisiweyo lomlilo womoya kunye nokuseka indawo yokugcina umoya kunye neziko lothutho.
Bai Jianhua, umlawuli we-Energy Strategy and Planning Institute of State Grid Energy Research Institute, ukholelwa ukuba "kufanelekile ngakumbi ukuqwalasela ukuba ubunzulu bomthwalo we-thermal akufanele budlule i-50%, ixesha lokuhamba kwe-curve yokuhanjiswa kufuneka ilawulwe ngu. I-90%, kunye ne-bundling ratio yamandla e-thermal anikezelwe kwisiseko samandla omoya kufuneka ibe yi-1:2.
Ngokwengxelo yokucwangcisa, ngo-2015, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha samandla omoya welizwe kuya kufuneka ukuba ahanjiswe ukusuka kwiindawo ezintathu zaseMntla nakwezinye iindawo ezikude ngokusebenzisa igridi yombane wephondo kunye ne-cross-district power grid, ukwakhiwa kwe-cross-provincial and cross. -igridi yombane wesithili ibe yenye yezinto eziphambili kwi-"12th Five-Year Plan".
Ngokweentatheli, ixesha le-12 leSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu liya kugqiba uthungelwano lwamandla lwesizwe.Ngo-2012, ngokugqitywa kweprojekthi yoqhagamshelo lwe-750-kV / ± 400-kV AC/DC phakathi kweQinghai neTibet, iigridi zamandla ezintandathu ezisemzantsi, embindini, empuma, kumntla-ntshona, kumntla-mpuma nakuMntla weChina ziya kugubungela onke amaphondo nezixeko. kwilizwekazi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-20-2022